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Notwithstanding the above cited developments within the profes- sion, the original purposes and scope of the book as well as my phi- losophy relative to the methodology of presentation have ot changed. Thus, new material has been added and no longer pertinent subjects have been deleted. Hopefully, the end result is a useful text which permits the teacher the opportunity to provide the student with aca- demically cogent supplementary data via classroom lectures, yet pro- vides the practitioner guidance in the development of a pharmaceutical service to meet the needs of the particular institution served.
Thanks and appreciation are hereby extended to all on my friends, colleagues and organizations who have offered their counsel and sug gestions for the improvement of the book. All material quoted from the American Society of Hospital Pharmacists, Joint Commission on creditation of Hospitals and National Association of Boards of Phar macy i copyrighted and used with their permission.
Drug Information
The pharmacy is responsible for providing the institution's staff and patients with accurate, comprehensive information about drugs and their use and shall serve as its center for drug information.. pr
The pharmacist (in cooperation with the organization's librarian, if any)
"Examples of nursing unit inspection forms are available upon request from the Amer- ican Society of Hospital Pharmacists.
Introduction
is responsible for maintaining up-to-date drug information resources (both in the pharmacy and at patient-care areas) and using them effec- tively. The pharmacist, in addition to supplying specific drug information, must be able to furnish objective evaluations of the drug literature and to provide informed opinion on drug-related matters.
The pharmacist must keep the institution's staff well informed about the drugs used in the institution and their various dosage forms and pack- agings. This is accomplished through newsletters, seminars, displays, etc., developed by the pharmacy. No drug shall be administerd unless the medical and nursing personnel have received adequate information about, and are familiar with, its therapeutic use, adverse effects, and dosage.
The pharmacist must help ensure that all patients are given adequate information about the drugs they receive. This is particularly important for ambulatory, home care, and discharge patients. These patient edu- cation activities shall be coordinated with the nursing and medical staffs and patient education department (if any)
Assuring Rational Drug Therapy
An important aspect of pharmaceutical services is that of maximizing rational drug use. In this regard, the pharmacist, in concert with the medical staff, must develop policies and procedures for assuring the quality of drug therapy.
Sufficient patient information must be collected, maintained, and re- viewed by the pharmacist to ensure meaningful and effective participa- tion in patient care. This requires that a medication profile be maintained for all inpatients and for those ambulatory patients routinely receiving care at the hospital. A pharmacist-conducted medication history from patients may be useful in this regard..
All physicians' medication orders (except in emergency situations) must be reviewed for appropriateness by the pharmacist prior to the dispensing of the first dose. Any questions regarding the order must be resolved with the prescriber at this time and a written notation of these discussions made in the chart or copy of the physician's order. The nursing staff must be informed of any changes made in the order.
The pharmacist, in cooperation with the pharmacy and therapeutics com- mittee, shall develop a mechanism for the reporting and review (by the committee or other appropriate medical staff group) of adverse drug re- actions..
Appropriate clinical information about patients must be available and accessible to the pharmacist for use in his or her daily practice activities. The pharmacist must review each patient's drug regimen on a concurrent basis and directly communicate any suggested changes to the prescriber.
A formalized drug-use program, developed and conducted jointly with the medical staff, shall be initiated and integrated with the overall hospital patient-care evaluation program. This program should include, but not be limited to, the use of antibiotics and other anti-infective agents. The pharmacist must actively participate in developing and maintaining
the hospital formulary. This is particularly important in small hospitals lacking the services of various medical specialists
Research
The pharmacist should conduct, participate in, and support medical and pharmaceutical research appropriate to the goals, objectives, and resources of the pharmacy and the institution.
The pharmacist should maintain adequate information on all investiga- tional drug studies and similar research projects involving drugs in which
the facility's patients are participants. The pharmacist should be represented on the institution's Institutional. Review Board.
The pharmacist shall ensure that policies and procedures for the safe and proper use of investigational drugs are established and followed.
Supplemental References
The American Society of Hospital Pharmacists (4630 Montgomery Avenue, Bethesda, MD 20814) has numerous publications which elab- orate on many of the concepts embodied in this Standard. They are described in the Society's publications catalog, available upon request.
ABILITIES REQUIRED OF HOSPITAL PHARMACISTS
The American Society of Hospital Pharmacists and the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, recognizing the specialty of hos- pital pharmacy and the fact that qualified practitioners must be spe- cially educated, have developed and approved ASHP Guidelines on the Competencies Required in Institutional Pharmacy Practice. For the convenience of the practitioner and student, the Statement is hereinafter reproduced."
Hospital Pharmacy by William E Hassan Pdf Free Download
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